Posts by Category: Reactions

Miyaura-Ishiyama-Hartwig Borylation

Miyaura-Ishiyama-Hartwig Borylation

General Characteristics Synthetically important aryl and alkenyl boron compounds can be synthesized from the corresponding halides via transition metal catalysis. Bis(pinacolato)diboron is used ...

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Noyori Asymmetric Hydrogenation

Noyori Asymmetric Hydrogenation

General Characteristics The asymmetric hydrogenation of olefins and ketones catalyzed by Ru(II)-BINAP and related ruthenium complexes is called the Noyori hydrogenation. The hydrogenation of olefins ...

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Harries Ozonolysis

Harries Ozonolysis

General Characteristics Ozonolysis is a reaction between alkenes and ozone, in which the alkenes are cleaved into a pair of carbonyl compounds. The reaction is done by introducing ozone gas ...

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Cannizzaro Reaction

Cannizzaro Reaction

General Characteristics Upon treatment with strong bases (e.g. in aqueous NaOH) and heating, non-enolizable aldehydes undergo redox disproportionation to give corresponding alcohols and carboxylic ...

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Seyferth-Gilbert Alkyne Synthesis

Seyferth-Gilbert Alkyne Synthesis

General Characteristics Aldehydes and ketones can be converted into alkynes with one carbon homologation using the α-diazophosphonate compound called the Gilbert reagent. When Y=H, the reaction needs ...

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Clemmensen Reduction

Clemmensen Reduction

General Characteristics The Clemmensen reduction is the reductive conversion of carbonyl groups into corresponding methylene units using zinc amalgam-HCl, which works particularly well for the ...

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Hofmann Rearrangement

Hofmann Rearrangement

General Characteristics In the Hofmann rearrangement, primary amides rearrange into isocyanates upon treatment with halogens and bases and are ultimately converted into primary amines with one-carbon ...

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Wolff Rearrangement

Wolff Rearrangement

General Characteristics The rearrangement of the carbenes formed by elimination of nitrogen from diazoketones giving ketenes is known as the Wolff rearrangement. The ketenes are trapped by ...

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Mukaiyama Redox Condensation

Mukaiyama Redox Condensation

General Characteristics The quinone-phosphine redox system can be used to activate alcohols towards esterification, etherification, and other SN2 reactions with various nucleophiles. The reaction is ...

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