General Characteristics Carbonyl compounds are reduced by metal hydride reagents to give alcohols. A number of reagents with various reducing strengths and properties are known. The metal hydride ...
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Wohl-Ziegler Bromination
General Characteristics -The Wohl-Ziegler reaction is the free radical-based bromination of allylic and benzylic positions using N-bromosuccinimide (NBS). The solvents stable under free radical ...
Nozaki-Hiyama-Kishi (NHK) Coupling Reaction
General Characteristics -The coupling reaction between alkenyl halides (or triflates) and aldehydes is known as the Nozaki-Hiyama-Kishi reaction. The reaction uses Ni(II) as a catalyst and Cr(II) as ...
Evans Aldol Reaction
General Characteristics -The stereoselective aldol reaction in which the nucleophiles bearing an oxazolidinone chiral auxiliary are reacted with the aldehydes is called the Evans aldol reaction. ...
IBX Oxidation
General Characteristics 2-Iodoxybenzoic acid (IBX) is a mild and versatile oxidant. It can be easily prepared from 2-iodobenzoic acid and Oxone (See the Dess-Martin oxidation as reference). IBX had ...
Saegusa-Ito Oxidation
General Characteristics In the Saegusa-Ito reaction, silyl enol ethers are converted into corresponding α,β-unsaturated ketones using Pd(OAc)2. There are modified versions developed to avoid the use ...
Protection of Carbonyl Groups
General Characteristics Carbonyl groups are generally protected as acetals under acidic conditions. Acetals are stable under reductive, basic, nucleophilic, and oxidizing (nonacidic) conditions. ...
Sharpless-Katsuki Asymmetric Epoxidation (Sharpless AE)
General Characteristics -The asymmetric epoxidation of allylic alcohols using catalytic Ti(OiPr)4, diethyl tartrate (DET), and t-butyl hydroperoxide (TBHP) is known as the Sharpless-Katsuki reaction. ...
Friedel-Crafts Alkylation
General Characteristics -Lewis acid-catalyzed electrophilic alkylation of aromatic rings (SEAr reaction) is called the Friedel-Crafts alkylation. -The shortcoming of this reaction is the byproduct ...
Friedel-Crafts Acylation
General Characteristics -The acylation of aromatic rings using acyl halides or acid anhydrides mediated by Lewis acids is called the Friedel-Crafts acylation. Arenes substituted with electron ...