Author Archive

Yamaguchi Macrolactonization

Yamaguchi Macrolactonization

General Characteristics In the method developed by Yamaguchi, hydroxycarboxylic acids (“seco-acids”) are converted into reactive acid anhydrides using 2,4,6-trichlorobenzoyl chloride ...

Read more
Organocuprates

Organocuprates

General Characteristics The organocuprate reagents [R2CuLi] prepared from copper(I) sources and two equivalents of organolithiums work as strong nucleophiles in 1,4-additions to α,β-unsaturated ...

Read more
Conversion of Alcohols into Alkanes

Conversion of Alcohols into Alkanes

General Characteristics Direct reduction of alcohols to alkanes is generally difficult. The conversion usually requires a two-step sequence involving the conversion of alcohols into leaving groups ...

Read more
Albright-Goldman Oxidation

Albright-Goldman Oxidation

General Characteristics The Swern-type oxidation of alcohols using acetic anhydride as the activator of DMSO. The reaction times are relatively long (12-24 h). This reaction is useful for the ...

Read more
Ullmann Coupling

Ullmann Coupling

General Characteristics The Ullmann coupling is the reductive coupling of aryl halides mediated by copper reagents. This reaction is used for homocoupling purposes except for certain substrate ...

Read more
Gabriel Amine Synthesis

Gabriel Amine Synthesis

General Characteristics The synthesis of primary amines by way of alkylation of phthalimide is called the Gabriel amine synthesis. The use of DMF as the solvent generally increases the yield by ...

Read more
Wacker Oxidation

Wacker Oxidation

General Characteristics The Wacker oxidation was originally developed as the process of producing acetaldehyde from ethylene using the PdCl2-CuCl2 cocatalytic system. Molecular oxygen can be used as ...

Read more
Corey-Kim Oxidation

Corey-Kim Oxidation

General Characteristics The oxidation of alcohols based on the dimethylsulfide-NCS system is known as the Corey-Kim oxidation. The oxidation of primary alcohols stops at the aldehyde oxidation state. ...

Read more
Michaelis-Arbuzov Reaction

Michaelis-Arbuzov Reaction

General Characteristics The reaction between phosphorous acid esters (phosphites) and alkyl halides gives phosphonic acid esters. When the phosphite and the alkyl halide have the same alkyl group, ...

Read more
Reformatsky Reaction

Reformatsky Reaction

General Characteristics In the Reformatsky reaction, the enolates formed from α-haloesters and zinc metal add to aldehydes and ketones. Zinc enolates are less basic, less reactive, and thus more ...

Read more